Türkiye’de Bakım Verenlerde Öz Yeterlilik: Sistematik Literatür İnceleme

Aim: This study was conducted to systematically review full-text articles examining the self-efficacy levels of caregivers in Turkey and the factors affecting this condition, in terms of specific methodological and clinical variables. Method: The research was conducted between September 1 and December 31, 2024, by searching the Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, CINAHL, TR Dizin, and databases.

The keywords "bakım veren, öz yeterlilik; caregiver, self-efficacy" were used without any year or language restrictions. Fourteen articles that met the inclusion criteria, were conducted with samples from Turkey, and had full-text access were included in the review. Data were analyzed using the PRISMA flow diagram and descriptive statistical methods (frequencies and percentages).

Results: It was found that 64.29% of the reviewed articles were descriptive in design and 42.84% were published between 2021 and 2022. Survey methods and the "General Self-Efficacy Scale" were most frequently preferred as data collection tools. It was noted that there were no specific studies in the reviewed literature focusing solely and directly on "caregiver self-efficacy." In relational analyses, a significant negative correlation was identified between caregiver self-efficacy and both caregiver burden and family burden.

As self-efficacy levels increased, caregiver and family burden decreased, while quality of life increased. Additionally, high self-efficacy was found to be associated with the effective use of coping skills, and the self-efficacy perceptions of male caregivers were higher than those of female caregivers.

Conclusion and Suggestions: When the studies in Turkey are evaluated as a whole, factors such as caregiving duration, caregiver burden, the age, gender, educational level, and socioeconomic status of the caregiver, as well as the clinical condition of the patient, were seen to be influential on self-efficacy.

Planning gender-sensitive and evidence-based interventions to increase the self-efficacy of caregivers is of critical importance in terms of reducing caregiver burden and improving quality of life.